<> = Debian = Debian is a free operating system (OS) for your computer. An operating system is the set of basic programs and utilities that make your computer run. == All packages list == http://packages.debian.org/stable/allpackages == Systemd example services == === /etc/systemd/system/keycloak.service === {{{ [Unit] Description=keycloak service Before=site.service [Service] User=userx ExecStart=/bin/sh /home/userx/keycloak-x.y.z/bin/standalone.sh [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target site.service }}} === /etc/systemd/system/moinmoin.service === {{{ [Unit] Description=moinmoin service Before=nginx.service [Service] User=moin ExecStart=/usr/bin/python2.7 /home/moin/moin-x.y.z/wikiserver.py [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target nginx.service }}} === /etc/systemd/system/site.service === {{{ [Unit] Description=site service Before=nginx.service [Service] User=userx WorkingDirectory=/home/userx/Documents/site/ ExecStart=/home/userx/Documents/site/virtenv/bin/python3.8 main.py [Install] WantedBy=default.target nginx.service }}} {{{#!highlight sh systemctl enable keycloak.service systemctl enable moinmoin.service systemctl enable site.service systemctl list-dependencies systemctl start keycloak.service systemctl start moinmoin.service systemctl start site.service systemctl status keycloak.service systemctl status moinmoin.service systemctl status site.service systemctl status }}} == Sample service blah == File in /etc/init.d/blah with chmod 755: {{{#!highlight bash #!/bin/sh #/etc/init.d/blah # # Some things that run always touch /var/lock/blah # Carry out specific functions when asked to by the system case "$1" in start) echo "Starting script blah " echo "Could do more here" ;; stop) echo "Stopping script blah" echo "Could do more here" ;; *) echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/blah {start|stop}" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 }}} == Add service == {{{#!highlight bash update-rc.d blah defaults update-rc.d blah defaults 20 80 update-rc.d blah start 20 2 3 4 . start 30 5 . stop 80 0 1 6 . }}} == Remove service == {{{#!highlight bash update-rc.d -f blah remove }}} == Check services status == {{{#!highlight bash service --status-all service blah status }}} == Install Debian Wheezy 32 bit == == Base Install DW (Debian Wheezy) == In Virtualbox * new, * type linux * version debian * name DW * memory size 512 MB, * create virtual hard drive * vdi type * dynamically allocated * 8 GB * power on * choose debian-7.3.0-i386-DVD-1.iso * install * language english * country, other, europe, portugal * locale united states * keyboard portuguese * hostname dw * domain name example.org * root password ******** * Real name Vitor * username for account vitor * password for vitor ******** * timezone Lisbon * Partitioning method, guided, use entire disk and setup LVM * use SCSI3 sda * Separate /home /usr /var and tmp partitions * Write the changes to disk and configure LVM yes * Finish partitioning and write changes to disk * write the changes to disk? yes * scan another dvd or cd? no * use a network mirror? no * participate in the package usage survey? no * software to install: SSH server, standard system utilities, continue * install grub bootloader to the master boot record? yes * installation complete, continue * reboot * login with root user {{{#!highlight bash ifconfig ping www.sapo.pt apt-get update python -V # version 2.7.3 dpkg -l > /tmp/initialPackages.txt }}} == Installation Debian 7.5.0 amd64 (Wheezy) == === Fetch and burn the ISO === {{{#!highlight bash wget http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.5.0/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-7.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso modprobe sg # fpr cdrecord cdrecord -scanbus #identify the device cdrecord -dev=1,0,0 -pad -data debian-7.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso # eject the DVD after burning cd / mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom #check DVD cd /mnt/cdrom ls cd / umount /mnt/cdrom }}} === Install === * Boot the machine * Insert DVD * select install * language: english * country, other, Europe, Portugal * default locale, United States * keymap: portuguese * load missing firmware from removable media? no * hostname for system: debianWheezy * domain name: bitarus.allowed.org * root pass: ........ * full name new user: vitor * username: vitor * pass: ........ * location: Lisbon * Partition disks, use entire disk and use LVM * SCSI1 * separate /home, /usr , /var, /tmp * write changes to disk and configure LVM: yes * Finish partitioning and write changes to disk * Write changes to disk? yes * install base system * kernel: linux-image-amd64 * Drivers to include in initrd: generic * scan another CD/DVD? no * use network mirror: yes * Debian archive mirror country: Portugal * ftp.pt.debian.org * HTTP proxy: * Participate in the package usage survey: No * select standard utilities * install GRUB to the MBR? yes * reboot === Install extra packages === {{{#!highlight bash #login as root df -h # check disk usage ifconfig # check network devices ping www.sapo.pt vi /etc/apt/sources.list # comment the line with deb cdrom apt-get install lynx apt-get install links apt-get install xorg apt-get install wmaker startx #starts X if all goes well xterm #open a console apt-get install iceweasel iceweasel & #run firefox with branding apt-get install kdm vi /etc/inittab #change default runlevel to 5 #id:5:initdefault #add line to runlevel 5 #x:5:respawn:/usr/bin/X reboot # after the reboot should appear the KDM login window #login xterm apt-get install vim apt-get install icedove apt-get install wmclockmon # On WindowMaker Clip click with right mouse button and select Attract Icons # On each attracted icon select Keep Icon apt-get install pidgin apt-get install emacs apt-get install netbeans apt-get install mongodb apt-get install monodevelop apt-get install mono-complete apt-get install samba apt-get install cifs-utils }}} === Eclipse === {{{#!highlight bash apt-get install eclipse #eclipse 3.8 eclipse & # create workspace in ~/workspace }}} === Two monitors with digital output === {{{#!highlight bash xrandr #show the current outputs and definitions for X vi /etc/kde4/kdm/Xsetup xrandr --output DP-2 --right-of DP-1 # two monitors setxkbmap pt # portuguese keyboard /usr/bin/xrandr --output HDMI-1 --left-of "eDP-1" }}} === Enable multiarch and install Skype === {{{#!highlight bash dpkg --add-architecture i386 apt-get update wget -O skype-install.deb http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux.deb dpkg -i skype-install.deb apt-get -f install dkpg -i skype-install.deb }}} === Resize /home folder === {{{#!highlight bash df -h #check sizes umount /home e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/debianWheezy-home resizefs /dev/mapper/debianWheezy-home 200G lvreduce -L 200G /dev/mapper/debianWheezy-home mount /dev/mapper/debianWheezy-home vgdisplay }}} == Debian 8.6.0 (Jessie) == * wget http://gemmei.acc.umu.se/debian-cd/8.6.0/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-8.6.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso {{{ VMDebian Linux Debian 64 bit 4096MB VDI type dynamic allocation 16 GB create debian-8.6.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso install english location other europe Portugal default local en_us.UTF8 keyboard portuguese hostname debian domain name root pass new user vitor clock Lisbon Partition, guided user entire disk LVM scsi(0,0,0) sda all in one partition write change yes Finish partitioning scan other cd dvd no use net mirrors yes portugal ftp.pt.debian.org package survey no software to install desktop kde lxde ssh web server print server standard utils displaymanager kdm install grub in MBR yes /dev/sda Finish installation continue VBoxManage setextradata "VMDebian" "CustomVideoMode1" "1366x768x32" Use 2 cpu cores in the VM run guest additions /etc/apt/sources.list # sid deb http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib deb-src http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib apt-get update }}} == Install debian 10 - buster on external HDD with USB adapter == * dd if=debian-live-10.1.0-amd64-standard.iso of=/dev/sda bs=512k # write ISO file to USB pen drive (8GB) * boot the pen with UEFI support (Esc and F9 to access Boot menu on HP) * after boot change the layout to pt in the file /etc/default/keyboard and then run setupcon * Boot the pen again and choose Debian installer (console) * Select portuguese language and configure the locale accordingly * Use guided partinioning, whole disk, scsi5 , sdc with 500 GB * 3 partitions were created, ESP, root / with ext4 and a swap partition * Don't use network mirrors * Define root password and add a user * Go through all the steps and reboot * Use the pen again to configure extra EFI definitions inside the ESP partition * Mount the ESP partition and inside the EFI folder create the BOOT folder * copy all files inside the debian folder to the BOOT folder * Go to the BOOT folder and copy the shimx64.efi to BOOTx64.efi * Boot using the HDD disk * If an error appears saying "/dev/sdX doesn't exist" with means grub didn't write the right HDD device name. It's required to acces grub options before boot and change the device name * After a proper boot is made into the HDD we need to run the command update-grub to update the grub with the right device name * To use WiFI we need the firmware-iwlwifi_20190114-2_all.deb to be installed, download it * Install using dpkg -i firmware-iwlwifi_20190114-2_all.deb * The WiFI device detected is wlp2s0 * ip a; iwconfig; ip link set wlp2s0 up; iwlist scan * An conf file in /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf is required {{{ ap_scan=1 ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant network={ ssid="?????????" scan_ssid=1 proto=RSN WPA key_mgmt=WPA-PSK group=CCMP TKIP pairwise=CCMP TKIP psk="???????" } }}} * Run command wpa_supplicant -B -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlp2s0 * Update the file /etc/apt/sources.list and comment cdrom entry {{{ deb http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free }}} * apt update * apt install xorg wmaker xterm lightdm firefox-esr alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsa-oss alsamixergui libalsaplayer0 htop wmclockmon vim openjdk-11-jdk docker.io * /sbin/usermod -a -G docker * Test X using startx command * service lightdm start * Inside /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf in [Seat:*] add display-setup-script=setxkbmap pt * To control the sound use the alsamixer command. The m key mutes and unmutes the master sound control * end the current session and start a new one to be able to use docker (docker ps) {{{ cd /boot/efi/EFI/ mv BOOT BOOT_bak cp -R debian BOOT cd BOOT mv shimx64.efi bootx64.efi }}} * Configure keyboard after login with ibus-setup. == Debian 10 (Buster) in VirtualBox VM == * 4GB RAM, 1 CPU, 16GB disk {{{#!highlight bash wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/debian-live-10.1.0-amd64-standard.iso # run virtualbox # new vm # name Debian buster type linux, version debian 64 bit # ram 4096 GB # create virtual vdi 16GB dynamically allocated #settings storage, ide, choose virtual optical drive, attach iso debian-live-10.1.0-amd64-standard.iso to VM # start VM # choose debian installer # language: english # country other, europe, portugal, default locale en_us # keyboard portuguese # hostname debian # domain name "" # root pass: # new user: vitor # username: vitor # pwd: # configure clock: Lisbon # partition disks: guided - use entire disk and set up LVM # use scsi3, sda # all files in one partition # write changes and configure lvm: yes # volume group to use for guided partition: 16.9 GB # write changes to disk: yes # use network mirror: yes, portugal, deb.debian.org # proxy info: blank # install grub2 in MBR: yes # install in /dev/sda # install complete, continue # reboot # choose debian gnu/linux # login with root:toor apt update apt install xorg wmaker xterm lightdm firefox-esr htop wmclockmon vim docker.io /sbin/usermod -a vitor -G docker service lightdm start # Inside /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf in [Seat:*] add display-setup-script=setxkbmap pt add greeter-setup-script=setxkbmap pt add session-setup-script=setxkbmap pt [LightDM] add display-setup-script=setxkbmap pt add greeter-setup-script=setxkbmap pt add session-setup-script=setxkbmap pt # In ~/.xsessionrc add /usr/bin/setxkbmap pt & /usr/bin/xterm & # Devices, insert guest additions cd image mount /dev/cdrom /mnt cd /mnt ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run # window maker workspace, appearance, background, styles, green workspace, appearance, background, solid, black workspace, appearance, save theme, MyTheme # https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard#How_to_switch_a_keyboard_layout_in_X11_.2F_graphical_desktop_environment # The keyboard setup dialog in GNOME 3 will modify IBus's configuration directly, # but for users of other X environments, # you can use the ibus-setup command to modify the settings for IBus. To force it # to defer to the settings # from /etc/default/keyboard, run ibus-setup, go to the Advanced tab, and check # Use system keyboard layout. # ibus-setup # input method # add portuguese cd C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox VBoxManage setextradata "Debian buster" "CustomVideoMode1" "1366x768x32" xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1360x768 cat .xsessionrc /usr/bin/setxkbmap pt& /usr/bin/xterm & xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1360x768 & #### get jdk8 from https://adoptopenjdk.net/ apt install net-tools openssh-server ntp ntpsec-ntpdate # add host port 2222 to vm guest port 22 /sbin/usermod -a vitor -G vboxfs # shared folder virtualbox wget https://archive.eclipse.org/technology/epp/downloads/release/luna/SR2/eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz cd /opt tar xvzf eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz chgrp users eclipse/ chgrp users eclipse/* -R /opt/eclipse/eclipse.ini -startup plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.3.0.v20140415-2008.jar --launcher.library plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.gtk.linux.x86_64_1.1.200.v20150204-1316 -product org.eclipse.epp.package.java.product --launcher.defaultAction openFile -showsplash org.eclipse.platform --launcher.XXMaxPermSize 256m --launcher.defaultAction openFile --launcher.appendVmargs -vm /opt/jdk8u222-b10/bin/java -vmargs -Dosgi.requiredJavaVersion=1.6 -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Xms40m -Xmx512m # run_eclipse.sh /opt/eclipse/eclipse apt install thunar mousepad wmmon xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1366x768 mousepad oblivion theme monospace regular 12 cat lightdm.conf | grep -v "^#" /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf [LightDM] display-setup-script = setxkbmap pt greeter-setup-script = setxknmap pt session-setup-script = setxkbmap pt [Seat:*] [XDMCPServer] [VNCServer] #### apt install xfce4-terminal apt install wmmon apt install wmix apt install mono apt install python-pip apt install cowsay apt install unzip apt install libxml2-utils apt install gimp apt install xmlsec1 xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1366x768 apt install curl zip unzip /sbin/dhclient enp0s3 # install openjdk 11 cd ~ wget https://download.java.net/java/GA/jdk11/9/GPL/openjdk-11.0.2_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz tar xvzf openjdk-11.0.2_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz # add ~/jdk-11.0.2/bin to ~/.bashrc # get eclipse with open jdk 11 support cd ~ wget http://mirror.dkm.cz/eclipse/technology/epp/downloads/release/2019-09/R/eclipse-java-2019-09-R-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz tar xvzf eclipse-java-2019-09-R-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz # copy paste In virtualbox choose general, advanced, shared clipboard, bidirectional }}} === Add LVM disk debian buster === * Virtualbox * Settings VM, storage, controller sata, add hard disk, create new disk, vdi, next, fixed size, 8GB, create {{{#!highlight bash fdisk /dev/sdb # n, partition , 2st sector 2048, last sector 16777215, w pvcreate /dev/sdb1 # pvcreate - initialize a disk or partition for use by LVM vgdisplay # vgdisplay - display attributes of volume groups pvscan # pvscan - scan all disks for physical volumes vgextend debian-vg /dev/sdb1 # vgextend - add physical volumes to a volume group pvscan # pvscan - scan all disks for physical volumes lvdisplay # lvdisplay - display attributes of a logical volume lvextend /dev/debian-vg/root /dev/sdb1 # lvextend - extend the size of a logical volume vgdisplay # vgdisplay - display attributes of volume groups resize2fs /dev/debian-vg/root # resize2fs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer # other disk fdisk -l fdisk /dev/sdc pvcreate /dev/sdc1 vgextend debian-vg /dev/sdc1 lvextend /dev/debian-vg/root /dev/sdc1 resize2fs /dev/debian-vg/root df -h # other disk /dev/sdd 8 GB fdisk /dev/sdd pvcreate /dev/sdd1 vgextend debian-vg /dev/sdd1 lvextend /dev/debian-vg/root /dev/sdd1 resize2fs /dev/debian-vg/root df -h # other disk /dev/sde 8GB fdisk -l fdisk /dev/sde # n, partition , 2st sector 2048, last sector 16777215, w pvcreate /dev/sde1 vgextend debian-vg /dev/sde1 lvextend /dev/debian-vg/root /dev/sde1 resize2fs /dev/debian-vg/root df -h # other disk /dev/sdf 8GB fdisk -l fdisk /dev/sdf # n, partition , 2st sector 2048, last sector 16777215, w pvcreate /dev/sdf1 vgextend debian-vg /dev/sdf1 lvextend /dev/debian-vg/root /dev/sdf1 resize2fs /dev/debian-vg/root df -h }}} == Alsa and Pulseaudio == {{{#!highlight bash apt purge pulseaudio pulseaudio-utils xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin pavumeter pavucontrol apt install alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsa-oss alsamixergui libalsaplayer0 /sbin/alsactl init aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Noise.wav }}} == Sandbox == * Settings * shared folders * Machine folders * Name: sandbox * Path: c:\users\userx\sandbox Access: * Full Automount: yes * At:/sandbox {{{#!highlight bash /sbin/usermod -a userx -G vboxsf ln -s /sandbox/ sandbox }}} == Skype for Linux (deb) == * https://repo.skype.com/latest/skypeforlinux-64.deb {{{#!highlight bash apt --fix-broken install dpkg -i skypeforlinux-64.deb # debian buster }}} == Restart clipboard copy paste in VirtualBox VM == {{{#!highlight bash sudo killall VBoxClient sudo VBoxClient-all }}} == .xsessionrc with xfce-terminal and wider screen (1920x1080) == {{{#!highlight bash /usr/bin/setxkbmap pt& /usr/bin/xfce4-terminal & #/usr/bin/xterm & #xrandr --output Virtual-1 --mode 1360x768 #xrandr --output Virtual-1 --mode 1920x1080 xrandr --output Virtual-1 --mode 1680x1050 }}} == Remove package == {{{#!highlight bash sudo dpkg -P package_name }}} == Install in Lenovo Yoga 300 == * Resize ntfs drive to have space for debian about 120 GB {{{#!highlight bash # Fn+F2 to go to BIOS and change to legacy mode to support USB boot without UEFI # Legacy boot USB # Fn+F12 select boot device, USB pen with Debian 10 buster # Debian graphical installer # english, other, europe, Portugal, US, portuguese, no firmware, user vitor, use # largest continuous space, one partition, no package manager, install GRUB # search and install firmware-realtek-20190114-2_all.deb dpkg -i firmware-realtek_20190114-2_all.deb dpkg-reconfigure console-setup # UTF8 Latin1 TerminusBus 16x32 apt update apt upgrade apt install -y firefox-esr leafpad mousepad htop lxdm lxterminal apt install -y alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsa-oss alsamixergui libalsaplayer0 apt install -y openjdk-11-jdk docker.io docker-compose /sbin/usermod -a vitor -G docker # In preferences, IBus preferences choose keyboard pt ibus-setup # timezone apt install -y ntp ntpsec-ntpdate ntpdate /sbin/ntpdate pt.pool.ntp.org /sbin/service ntp start timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Lisbon /sbin/service ntp start /sbin/usermod -aG sudo vitor # add to sudoers apt install net-tools gimp libreoffice inxi mupdf apt install curl curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io | sh - # right mouse button on bottom, add/remove panel items, add "manage networks", "battery monitor" inxi -Fxz # if issues of rfkill appear run the following echo 1 > /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill0/state sudo apt upgrade --fix-missing sudo apt update --fix-missing sudo apt install thunderbird sudo apt install wmbattery wclockmon wmix wmmon # sudo apt autoremove sudo apt upgrade --fix-missing sudo apt autoremove sudo apt upgrade --fix-missing sudo os-prober sudo vi /etc/default/grub # add entry to grub file to enable prober # GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false sudo update-grub # install gcc sudo apt install build-essential manpages-dev }}} === /etc/apt/sources.list === {{{ deb http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib deb-src http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib }}} === /etc/xdg/lxsession/LXDE/autostart === {{{ @lxpanel --profile LXDE @pcmanfm --desktop --profile LXDE @xscreensaver -no-splash @/usr/bin/setxkbmap pt }}} == ~/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/autostart == {{{ /usr/bin/xscreensaver -no-splash & }}} * chmod 755 ~/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/autostart == Lock screen == {{{#!highlight sh sudo apt install xscreensaver xscreensaver & cd ~/GNUstep/Defaults mv WMRootMenu WMRootMenu.old cp /etc/GNUstep/Defaults/plmenu.Debian WMRootMenu # Lock command xscreensaver-command -lock # Window maker preferences, Applications Menu Definitions, Run program # Drag it and set caption and command }}} == Install Debian 11 bullseye in Asus A540S == * New Mitsai charger 90 Watts, M30 connector 4*1,35*11mm {{{#!highlight bash # Esc to go to BIOS and change to legacy mode to support USB boot without UEFI # Legacy boot USB # Esc select boot device, USB pen with Debian 10 buster # Debian graphical installer # english, other, europe, Portugal, US, portuguese, no firmware, user vitor, use # largest continuous space, one partition, no package manager, install GRUB apt update apt upgrade apt install xorg lxterminal alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsa-oss alsamixergui libalsaplayer0 ntp ntpdate firefox-esr wmaker xterm lightdm htop wmclockmon vim docker.io pcmanfm -y startx reboot usermod -a vitor -G docker service lightdm start /sbin/usermod -aG sudo vitor /sbin/ntpdate pt.pool.ntp.org /sbin/service ntp start timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Lisbon apt install mousepad net-tools gimp libreoffice inxi mupdf curl wmclockmon wmmon wmix -y cd /etc/apt/ cat sources.list # add contrib and non-free iwlist inxi inxi -i ip a iwconfig iwlist scan cd /etc/wpa_supplicant/ nano wpa_supplicant.conf wpa_supplicant -B -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlp3s0 dhclient -4 -i wlp3s0 }}} == Upgrade from buster to bullseye == {{{#!highlight bash sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt full-upgrade sudo apt autoremove cd /etc/apt sudo cp sources.list sources.list.buster sudo nano sources.list cat /etc/apt/sources.list | grep -v "#" #deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib #deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main #deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main #deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt full-upgrade sudo apt autoremove sudo reboot lsb_release -a #VirtualBox, access shared folder, Devices, insert guest additions cd image mount /dev/cdrom /mnt cd /mnt ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run }}} == Switch java version == {{{#!highlight java sudo apt install -y openjdk-11-jdk sudo apt install -y openjdk-17-jdk sudo update-alternatives --list java sudo update-alternatives --config java # select 1 - version 11 }}} == HDMI sound == {{{#!highlight sh aplay -l # list cards and subdevices speaker-test -D plughw:0,3 -c 2 # test audio on HDMI # set subdevice nano ~/.asoundrc pcm.!default { type hw card 0 device 3 } }}} == Upgrade to Debian 12 - bookworm in Lenovo Yoga 300 == === /etc/apt/sources.list === {{{ deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/updates main deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/updates main }}} === Steps === {{{#!highlight sh apt update apt upgrade apt full-upgrade apt autoremove cd /etc/apt nano sources.list apt update apt upgrade apt full-upgrade apt autoremove update-grub reboot # choose older kernel in grub 5.10.0-13-amd64 apt install linux-image-amd64 # 6.1.0-13 lsb_release -a update-grub2 reboot uname -r # 6.1.0-13-amd64 cd /boot mv *5.10.0* /root/ mv *6.1.11* /root/ update-grub2 reboot apt install gvfs-backends apt install kde-baseapps okteta apt install python3-pip python3.11-venv python3 -m venv testmoin2 }}} == Install debian 12 external HDD == {{{#!highlight sh cd /tmp wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-12.6.0-amd64-netinst.iso sudo dmesg # check device for USB pen dd if=debian-12.6.0-amd64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=512k # boot the pen with UEFI support (Esc and F9 to access Boot menu on HP) # install debian to /dev/sdc if it is the external HDD # select locale to Portugal # Guided partition # 3 partitions were created, ESP (sdc1) , root / with ext4 sdc2 and a swap partition sdc3 # input wifi info # select "debian desktop environment", "xfce", utils standard # Don't use network mirrors # Define root password and add a user # Go through all the steps and reboot # Use the pen again to configure extra EFI definitions inside the ESP partition # Mount the ESP partition and inside the EFI folder create the BOOT folder # copy all files inside the debian folder to the BOOT folder # Go to the BOOT folder and copy the shimx64.efi to BOOTx64.efi cd /boot/efi/ cd EFI/ PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin cp debian/* boot/ cp debian/shimx64.efi boot/bootx64.efi update-grub # create symbolic links for kernel and initrd cd /boot ln -s vmlinuz-6.1.0-23-amd64 vmlinuz ln -s initrd.img-6.1.0-23-amd64 initrd.img # Boot using the HDD disk (Esc F9 boot select) cat /home/vitor/scripts/hdmi-left.sh # xrandr --output HDMI-1 --left-of eDP-1 # /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf [LightDM] display-setup-script = /home/vitor/scripts/hdmi-left.sh [Seat] display-setup-script=/home/vitor/scripts/hdmi-left.sh [Seat:*] display-setup-script=/home/vitor/scripts/hdmi-left.sh [XDMCPServer] [VNCServer] }}} === Boot partition via USB pen (netinst) with grub command line === Boot with pen Select grub command line (C) option {{{#!highlight sh ls ls (hd1,gpt2)/ set root=(hd1,gpt2) linux /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sdb2 initrd initrd.img boot }}} == Connect to WiFi automatically == {{{#!highlight sh # get interface name sudo dmesg | grep -i wlan [ 55.557371] rtl8723be 0000:02:00.0 wlp2s0: renamed from wlan0 # setup WiFi network nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf ap_scan=1 ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant network={ ssid="SSID" psk="pwd" } # edit wlan interface match nano /etc/systemd/network/25-wlan.network [Match] Name=wlp2s0 [Network] DHCP=ipv4 # copy wpa conf to interface card wlp2s0 cp /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlp2s0.conf systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlp2s0.service systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service systemctl restart systemd-networkd.service systemctl restart wpa_supplicant@wlp2s0.service systemctl disable networking.service # disable net for eth0 systemd-analyze blame 2min 47.143s vboxdrv.service 1min 32.174s systemd-networkd-wait-online.service 40.721s e2scrub_reap.service 39.375s docker.service 14.854s containerd.service 13.766s dev-sda8.device 13.355s ifupdown-pre.service 10.802s systemd-journal-flush.service 9.219s udisks2.service 7.091s ModemManager.service 3.344s cups.service 2.969s systemd-udevd.service 2.962s polkit.service 2.871s lvm2-monitor.service 2.865s avahi-daemon.service 2.784s bluetooth.service 2.719s dbus.service 2.705s iio-sensor-proxy.service 2.675s systemd-logind.service 2.197s systemd-networkd.service 2.160s apt-daily-upgrade.service systemctl disable vboxdrv.service systemctl disable systemd-networkd-wait-online.service systemctl disable docker.service systemctl disable containerd.service systemctl disable ModemManager.service reboot }}}